Which consequence can result from the presence of aluminum, chloramphenicol, copper, or zinc in water used for dialysis?

The presence of aluminum, chloramphenicol, copper, or zinc in water used for dialysis can lead to hemolysis, which is the destruction of red blood cells. This can occur when these contaminants are present in sufficient concentrations during the dialysis process. Hemolysis can result from several factors, including the toxic effects of these metals or chemicals on red blood cells, leading to their rupture and subsequent release of hemoglobin into the bloodstream.

In dialysis patients, maintaining the purity of water is crucial because contaminants can compromise the treatment and lead to serious complications. Hemolysis can cause a variety of symptoms, including fatigue, jaundice, and dark urine, and can also lead to further complications such as anemia or renal injury if not addressed. Ensuring that the water used in dialysis is free from harmful substances is essential in preventing such adverse outcomes.