What does the abbreviation CFU stand for?

The abbreviation CFU stands for Colony Forming Unit. This term is commonly used in microbiology and water treatment to quantify the number of viable microorganisms present in a sample. Each CFU represents an individual colony that forms from a single viable microorganism or a cluster of organisms. The measurement of CFUs is essential in assessing water quality, particularly when testing for contamination by bacteria, as it allows for the determination of the concentration of viable microbes in the sample. Understanding CFUs is crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of disinfection processes and ensuring that water treatment systems meet safety and regulatory standards.

Other options mention terms that do not accurately reflect the common usage of CFU in scientific contexts. For instance, the term "Coliforms Found Unit" would not encompass the broader range of microorganisms that CFUs can represent, while "Colony Fluctuation Unit" and "Cell Formation Unit" either introduce incorrect concepts or do not align with established terminology in microbiological practices. The clarity and specificity of the term "Colony Forming Unit" make it the correct choice in this context.