What condition can arise from long-term uremia if left untreated?

Long-term uremia, which is a condition characterized by an accumulation of waste products in the blood due to kidney dysfunction, can lead to various serious health complications. One of the most significant complications associated with untreated long-term uremia is cardiovascular disease.

When the kidneys are unable to filter waste effectively, it can result in a buildup of toxins and an imbalance of electrolytes, which can contribute to hypertension (high blood pressure). Additionally, uremia can lead to the development of cardiovascular issues such as left ventricular hypertrophy, a condition where the heart's left ventricle becomes enlarged, and increased risk of heart attacks and strokes. This is primarily due to the stress that waste buildup and fluid overload place on the cardiovascular system.

In contrast, while kidney stones, acute bronchitis, and liver cirrhosis are notable health issues, they do not specifically arise as a direct consequence of uremia. Kidney stones may occur as a result of various factors unrelated to uremia, acute bronchitis is primarily a respiratory infection, and liver cirrhosis pertains to chronic liver disease, which also has separate causes. Thus, cardiovascular disease is the most direct and likely outcome of long-term untreated uremia, making it the correct